Evidence Alignment and Transfer Boundaries in Nanofluidic Desalination

Abstract

A central challenge in nanofluidic desalination is to compare studies whose mechanisms and validation settings do not share a single denominator. The present review uses a Bernoulli-effect transport concept for driving water desalination and simulation of tapered channels in multilayer graphene membranes as focal cases for a boundary-aware synthesis. The analysis combines two focal publications with 12 previously verified sources and organizes the evidence around ion exclusion, water permeability, channel geometry, driving force, and scale-up. Rather than pooling incompatible outcomes, it compares research questions, representations, controls, and validation envelopes. Across the evidence base, the decisive issue is alignment: ion exclusion shapes what is observed, water permeability shapes how it is compared, and scale-up governs whether the conclusion can be transferred. Uncertainty is most informative when reported as part of the result rather than treated as a postscript. The contribution is a decision-oriented synthesis that connects method selection to failure cost and treats reproducibility, provenance, and bounded generalization as first-order design requirements.